This article describes the advantages and disadvantages of pulley type wire drawing machines, double drum type wire drawing machines, looper type wire drawing machines, straight line wire drawing machines, adjusting roller linear type wire drawing machines, and water tank wire drawing machines.
The advantages and disadvantages of these six different types of wire drawing machines are as follows.
Different Wire Drawing Machines Advantages and Disadvantages
Pulley Type Wire Drawing Machines
Pulley type wire drawing machine is a non-slip dry continuous wire drawing machine that can accumulate wires; during the drawing process, there is no relative sliding between the steel wire and the surface of the reel along the circumferential direction of the reel, and the wear on the two surfaces It is relatively small, and when a reel in the middle stops temporarily, the reels behind it can still work for a period of time depending on their respective accumulated wires.
Advantages
This model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, and low manufacturing cost. At the same time, it has a certain coil coefficient, and the steel wire stays on the coil for a long time, which is conducive to the sufficient cooling of the steel wire.
Disadvantages
However, there are many wire guide wheels, which not only increase the bending times of the steel wire, but also cause the steel wire to twist along its own axis during the drawing process due to the accumulation and unwinding of the reel, which seriously affects the internal quality and surface quality of the steel wire.
This feature of the pulley wire drawing machine determines that this model is only suitable for drawing steel wires and other metal wires with medium and small specifications and relatively low quality and strength requirements.
Double Drum Wire Drawing Machine
Double-reel wire drawing machine Due to the torsion of the steel wire during the drawing process of the pulley-type wire-drawing machine, a double-drum-type wire-drawing machine has been developed on the basis of the pulley-type wire-drawing machine.
Advantages
This model has the advantages of a pulley wire drawing machine and eliminates the torsion phenomenon of the steel wire during the drawing process, and the cooling effect of the steel wire on the reel is better.
The double drum type wire drawing machine is the same as the pulley type wire drawing machine, with more guide wheels, especially the intermediate wire passing guide wheel between the upper and lower drums, so that 180 will be generated when the steel wire passes through it.
Disadvantages
Bending, so it is not suitable for drawing large-scale and high-strength steel wires; the operation of the machine is not as convenient as the pulley type, and the friction ring between the upper and lower reels and the guide wheel and other parts have a large moment of inertia, which limits the improvement of the drawing speed.
This model belongs to the transitional model developed from pulley-type wire drawing machine to higher-grade wire drawing machine and is suitable for drawing medium and small-sized steel wires.
Looper Type Wire Drawing Machine
Looper type wire drawing machine In order to further improve the quality and drawing speed of steel wire, a looper type wire drawing machine has been developed, which is also a non-slip wire drawing machine.
Advantages
It simplifies the route of the steel wire between the reels, and the steel wire will not be twisted axially during the drawing process.
And because the DC motor is used to drive, it can realize step-less speed regulation in a wide range, expand the selection range of elongation between reels, and the wire drawing machine can run in the most reasonable working state.
And the looper has all produced a pulling force or reverse pulling force to each reel in the drawing process.
The drawing with looper pull force and looper reverse pull force, can reduce the drawing force, prolong the life of the drawing die and reduce the consumption of kinetic energy. The looper wire drawing machine is a continuous wire drawing machine with automatic speed regulation.
Theoretically speaking, within the tolerance limit of the compression rate of the steel wire and the force parameters of the machine, as long as the total process compression rate is greater than or equal to the total compression rate of the machine, the machine can automatically adjust the drawing for any process. process.
Therefore, the looper wire drawing machine is a relatively advanced wire drawing machine, which is suitable for drawing high-strength steel wires and alloy steel wires of small and medium specifications.
Disadvantages
The disadvantage of the looper wire drawing machine is that due to the use of a DC drive, the electrical speed control system is complicated, the manufacturing cost of the machine is high, and the maintenance is difficult. When drawing steel wires of different specifications, the tension of the looper needs to be adjusted.
Therefore, the operating technical level of the machine is required to be high.
In addition, this model has more guide wheels for thread passing, more complicated threading, and more bending times of the steel wire, so it cannot draw large-sized steel wires and super-hard materials.
Straight Line Wire Drawing Machine
The pulley type, double-drum type, and looper type wire drawing machines are all unable to draw large-size steel wires and hard materials because there are more wire-passing guide wheels; in order to solve this problem, a straight line wire drawing machine has been developed.
Advantages
After the steel wire is wound several times on the previous reel, it directly enters the next drawing die and is wound on the next reel without passing through any wire guide pulley in the middle, and the steel wire between the two reels is in a straight line.
Like the looper type, it adopts DC drive, and automatically adjusts the speed of the middle drum to make the elongation coefficient of the machine adapt to the actual elongation coefficient of the steel wire, that is, the automatic adjustment reaches the normal working point of the machine. The machine compression rate is equal to the process compression. Rate.
The advantages of this model are simple threading, no twisting, and small radius bending of the steel wire during the drawing process.
Disadvantages
Its disadvantage is that it cannot draw thinner steel wire, the steel wire stays on the reel for a short time, and the cooling effect is poor; the application range of the wire drawing machine is small, etc.
Adjusting Roller Linear Wire Drawing Machine
Advantages
Adjusting roller linear wire drawing machine This is a relatively new model that combines the advantages of the looper type and the straight type wire drawing machine. Ling has the advantages of good effect, etc., and has the advantages of simple straight-in steel wire route, convenient threading, and large-scale steel wire drawing.
There is no small-radius bending of the steel wire between each reel, and the internal quality and surface quality of the steel wire can be greatly improved.
Since there is no intermediate wire passing guide wheel, the mechanical structure is much simplified compared with the looper type. It is a relatively advanced wire drawing machine, suitable for drawing high-strength, large-sized round, and special-shaped steel wires.
Disadvantages
However, its large investment, complex DC speed control system, and difficult maintenance have brought certain difficulties to its promotion.
Water Tank Drawing Machine ( Wet Wire Drawing Machine)
The remarkable feature of the water tank wire drawing machine that is different from the previous five types of wire drawing machines is that the steel wire and the reel have different degrees of relative sliding during the drawing process (except for the finished reel), and the steel wire, reel, and wire drawing die They are all soaked in cooling lubricating fluid or sprayed by it, so it is called water tank wire drawing machine ( Wet Wire Drawing Machine).
Advantages
Its advantages are compact structure, small footprint, high drawing density, no twisting of steel wire during drawing, and high-speed drawing.
Because the drawing process is carried out in the cooling lubricant, the cooling and lubrication conditions of the steel wire are very good, and the quality is guaranteed.
Disadvantages
Its disadvantage is that during the drawing process, there is a relative sliding between the steel wire and the surface of the reel along the circumferential direction of the reel, and its friction and the agitation of the cooling lubricant by the reel consume a lot of power, which not only reduces the machine efficiency.
And the surface of the reel is severely worn; due to the limitation of the structure of the machine itself, the bending radius of the steel wire during the drawing process is small, and due to reasons such as threading, it is more suitable for drawing various fine-gauge steel wires.
